Walter Rüegg, editor of A History of the University in Europe, reports that universities then only trained students to become clerics, lawyers, civil servants, and physicians. ![]() In turn, the traditional medieval universities - evolved from Catholic church schools - then established specialized academic structures for properly educating greater numbers of students as professionals. Aristotle's works and Roman law), led to the development of universitates (student guilds), and thus the establishment of the university in the contemporary sense. The rediscovery of ancient Græco–Roman knowledge (e.g. URL consultato il 4 giugno 2020 6 If the term "university" requires that a single corporate body be made up of students and professors of different disciplines, rather than that a corporate body simply exists, the University of Paris, founded in 1208, can be considered the first university. ^ Sofia Nicolosi, Italia o Marocco: dove nacque l’università più antica al mondo?, su LiveUnict, 17 dicembre 2018. Still, according to official documents and to international medieval researches, the University of Bologna still detains the title of oldest university in the world. Historically, the University of Bologna, founded in 1088, is considered the "mother of European universities." However, this claim was made as symbolic of Italian national unity, leading some to question the legitimacy of Bologna's claim to be the first university proper. Elsewhere, the British also had established universities world-wide, thus making higher education available to the world's populaces.įriedrich Schleiermacher The first European universities Representation of a university class, 1350s. Moreover, until the end of the 19th century, religion exerted a significant, limiting influence upon academic curricula and research, by when the German university model had become the world standard. ![]() In the 19th and 20th centuries, the universities concentrated upon science, but were not open to the general populace until after 1914. The German university - the Humboldtian model - established by Wilhelm von Humboldt was based upon Friedrich Schleiermacher's liberal ideas about the importance of freedom, seminars, and laboratories, which, like the French university model, involved strict discipline and control of every aspect of the university. The French Ecole Polytechnique was established in 1794 by the mathematician Gaspard Monge during the Revolution, and it became a military academy under Napoleon I in 1804. In the 19th and 20th centuries, European universities concentrated upon science and research, their structures and philosophies having shaped the contemporary university. mid-14th century), the discovery of the New World (1492), the Protestant Reformation (1517), the Age of Enlightenment (18th century), and the recurrence of political revolution, enhanced the importance of human rights and international law in the university curricula. External influences, such as Renaissance humanism (c. Their purposes included training professionals, scientific investigation, improving society, and teaching critical thinking and research. ![]() The original medieval universities arose from the Roman Catholic Church schools. European universities date from the founding of the University of Bologna in 1088 or the University of Paris (c.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |